tracks and wheels of crane

Tracks And Wheels of Lifting Machinery

The track of the crane is a route for the crane to run, which is made of steel rails. It can ensure that the crane runs along the specified route and transmits wheel pressure to the foundation.

The track is usually composed of two steel rails. When the crane is running, the track cannot move horizontally and vertically, and the track must be easy to adjust. The metal fixing parts of the track rails should be free of cracks, looseness and corrosion; if there are cracks, they should be replaced in time, and other defects should also be dealt with in time.

Crane rail, mainly divided into truck running track and car running track, the truck track is fixed on the track beam, the car track is fixed on the crane main beam. Rail steel should be smelted in a basic oxygen converter or an electric arc furnace and refined outside the furnace. The rails should be made of continuous casting billets. The models are divided into QU70, QU80, QU100 and QU120. The fixed lengths of the rails are 9m, 9.5m, 10m, 10.5m, 11m, 11.5m, 12m, 12.5m, and the short-length rail length is 6m~8.9m (according to 100mm upgrade). GloryRail supply differenr rail length custonization,have any requirements, welcome to contact us!

When the crane is running, the rails cannot move horizontally and vertically, and the rails must be easy to adjust. When the crane trolley brakes, a longitudinal thrust is generated; if the trolley brakes, a lateral thrust is generated; if the trolley and the trolley brake at the same time, a synthetic braking force is generated, causing the rails to bear an oblique thrust.

Many bridge cranes are equipped with corresponding rails, which are generally made of steel. They are limited in length and need to be connected in pairs. Their function is to facilitate the movement of the whole machine or the trolley. It also has another nickname: rail joint.

There are many heavy parts in the parts where the rails are connected, including bolts, nuts, spring washers, etc., and a splint, which is more important. The rail joint needs to be welded. If the crane rail is installed without welding, it may be dangerous during use. Of course, bolt tightening is also essential.

1. Requirements for installation deviation of crane tracks in concrete structures

Track centerline position deviation ±5mm. Track top surface elevation deviation ±5mm. The distance between the centerlines of two tracks, when the crane span is ≤ 10m, the deviation is ±5mm; when the crane span is >10m, the deviation is ±[5+0.25(S-10)]mm (S is the crane span, in mm). The relative deviation of the top surface elevation of two parallel tracks at the same position in the horizontal direction of the plant should be ≤ 10mm.

2. Requirements for installation deviation of crane rails with steel beam structures

The deviation of the centerline of the crane beam from the design positioning axis should be ≤ 5 mm, the displacement deviation of the rail centerline should be ≤ 1/2 of the thickness of the crane beam web, the distance deviation between the centerlines of the two rails should be ≤ 3 mm, the elevation difference between the top surfaces of the two rails at the same position in the same span of the plant should be ≤ 10 mm at the crane beam support and ≤ 15 mm at other locations of the crane beam, and the lateral displacement and height difference between the two adjacent crane rail ends should be ≤ 1 mm.

If the track does not meet the installation technical requirements or is installed incorrectly, the track span tolerance and the height error of the same span of two tracks will exceed the standard, which will cause the crane to bite the track during operation.

(1) The quality of track installation is unqualified, the horizontal curvature of the track is too large (the straightness error of the side is required to be no more than 2mm), and when it exceeds the crane span tolerance, the track will bite the track. This kind of track bite is in a fixed line segment.

(2) When the track gauge is too large, the outer wheel flange bites the track; when the track gauge is too small, the inner wheel flange bites the track.

(3) The height difference of the track surface on the same section of the two tracks is too large (no more than 10mm at the column and no more than 15mm at other places), causing the gantry crane trolley to shift sideways, the outer side of the super-high side bites the track, and the inner side of the other side bites the track.

(4) When running on a track with a larger gauge at one end and a smaller gauge at the other end, and the parallelism of the two tracks is out of tolerance, the gap between the wheel flange and the track becomes smaller and smaller until the inner wheel flange bites the track.

(5) The track installation pad is not compacted, the track remains horizontal when not loaded, and the track sinks when loaded, causing the track to bite.

The wheels of a crane are used to support the deadweight and load of the crane and enable the crane to travel back and forth on the track.

The crane operating mechanism generally uses only four active and driven wheels. If the lifting weight is large, additional wheels are often used to reduce the wheel pressure; when there are more than four wheels, an articulated balancing frame device must be used to evenly distribute the load of the crane on each wheel.

The wheels of lifting machinery are divided into double-flange wheels, single-flange wheels and flangeless wheels according to the shape of the rim. You can contact us for more crane wheel details and types.

1. Wheel scrapping

Wheels working on rails shall be scrapped if any of the following conditions occur:

(1) Surface cracks and other defects that affect performance.

(2) Wheel flange thickness wear reaches 50% of the original thickness.

(3) Wheel flange bending deformation reaches 20% of the original thickness.

(4) Tread thickness wear reaches 15% of the original thickness.

(5) When the running speed is lower than 50m/min, the roundness reaches 1mm; when the running speed is higher than 50m/min, the roundness reaches 0.1mm.

2. Characteristics and causes of wheel rail gnawing

(1) Characteristics of wheel rail gnawing. Wheel rail gnawing may cause the following phenomena:

There is a bright mark on the side of the track, and there are burrs on the serious mark.

There are bright spots on the inner side of the wheel rim and the top surface of the track.

When the crane is traveling, there is a significant change in the gap between the wheel rim and the track within a short distance.

During the operation of the crane, especially when starting and braking, the body of the crane deviates and twists.

(2) The main causes of wheel rail gnawing are as follows: track installation accuracy exceeds tolerance, the speed of the motors driven separately is inconsistent, the starting is not synchronized, the diameter of the two driving wheels is inconsistent, the wheel installation accuracy exceeds tolerance, and the metal structure is deformed.

GloryRail support crane rail and accessories one-stop shop, including: crane rails, crane wheels, crane drums, crane sheavs, crane hook and crane rail bolts,etc., if you have any requirements, just contact us, we have professional technical team and will provide one-on-one technical assistance based on your questions.